Psychometric properties of the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) in a sample of workers.

Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the GAD-7 by obtaining evidence of internal structure (dimensionality, precision and differential functioning of items) and association with external variables. Methods: A total of 2,219 protocols from three different studies conducted with Puerto Rican employees that administered the GAD-7 were selected for the current study. Item response theory modeling was used to assess internal structure, and linear association with external variables. Results: The items were adapted to a graduated response model, with high similarity in the discrimination and location parameters, as well as in the precision at the level of the items and in the total score. No violation of local independence and differential item functioning was detected. The association with convergent (work-related rumination) and divergent (work engagement, sex, and age) variables were theoretically consistent. Conclusion: The GAD-7 is a psychometrically robust tool for detecting individual variability in symptoms of anxiety in workers.

Review of the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) Spanish version in a sample of Puerto Rican workers.

Background: This study aimed to examine the internal structure and assess the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in a Puerto Rican sample of workers. This instrument is a nine-item questionnaire, which was conceptualized as a unidimensional structure; however, there are mixed results regarding this internal structure. This measure is used in the occupational health psychology context in organizations in Puerto Rico; nevertheless, there is little evidence of its psychometric properties with samples of workers. Materials and methods: A total of 955 samples from two different study samples were used in this cross-sectional study design in which the PHQ-9 was used. We conducted confirmatory factor analysis, bifactor analysis, and random intercept item factor analysis to examine the internal structure of the PHQ-9. Moreover, a two-factor model was examined by randomly assigning items to the two factors. Measurement invariance across sex and the relationship with other constructs were examined. Results: The best-fitted model was the bifactor model followed by the random intercept item factor. The five sets of two-factor models with items randomly assigned obtained acceptable and similar fit indices regardless of the items. Conclusion: The results suggest that the PHQ-9 appears to be a reliable and valid instrument to measure depression. The more parsimonious interpretation of its scores, for now, is a unidimensional structure. Comparison across sex appears to be useful in occupational health psychology research settings since the results suggest that the PHQ-9 is invariant regarding this variable.

¿Existe ansiedad en los niños atendidos en consultorio de enfermería? / Is there anxiety in children seen in the nursing clinic?

Sr. Director: La evaluación clínica de los niños en los consultorios de enfermería conlleva experiencias que típicamente se esperan ocurran con cierta certeza. Por ejemplo, vacunación, medidas antropométricas, exploración física y la evaluación de habilidades de aprendizaje. Estas prácticas rutinarias suelen llevarse a cabo en contextos formales dentro del entorno del consultorio de enfermería [Fragmento de texto].(AU)

Afrontamiento del estrés en personal de enfermería durante la Covid-19: adaptación psicométrica del Coping / Strategies Indicator – Short (CSI-S) Stress coping in Covid-19 and nursers: Psychometric adaptation of a short measure

Objetivo: Aportar con el primer estudio de adaptación del Coping Strategies Indicator – Short (CSI-S) para medir las estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés, en personal de enfermería que atienden de casos con Covid-19. Metodología: Fueron 79 enfermeras vinculados directa o indirectamente en la atención a casos con Covid-19. Las instrucciones de respuesta del CSI-S fueron modificadas para orientarlo al trabajo de las enfermeras en la atención de casos con Covid-19. Resultados: Se halló que dos de sus dimensiones fueron robustas (solución de problemas y búsqueda de apoyo), con confiabilidades adecuadas, mientras que la dimensión evitación fue estructuralmente débil, con confiabilidad baja. La correlación entre estas estrategias fue baja, indicando independencia conceptual; y la relación con medidas de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión fue teóricamente convergente. Conclusión: Excepto el puntaje de Evitación, las puntuaciones del CSI-S pueden ser apropiadas para la descripción de grupos, y para un primer acercamiento del estado de afrontamiento al estrés.(AU)

Objective: Contribute with the first adaptation study of the Coping Strategies Indicator - Short (CSI-S) to measure coping strategies for stress, in nurses who handle Covid-19 cases. Method: There were 79 nurses directly or indirectly involved in handling these cases. The CSI-S response instructions were modified to target the work of nurses in the care of cases with Covid-19. Results: Two of its dimensions (Problem Solving and Seeking Social Support) were found to be solid with adequate reliability. On the other hand, its Avoidance dimension was structurally weak with low reliability. The correlation between these strategies was low, indicating conceptual independence. Additionally, the relationship with measures of symptoms of anxiety and depression was theoretically convergent. Conclusions: Except Evitation score, the CSI-S scores may be appropriate for the description of groups, and for a first appraisal to the state of coping with stress.(AU)

Medical outcomes study social support survey (MOS-SSS) in patients with chronic disease: A psychometric assessment.

Purpose: Currently, information on the psychometric properties of the Medical outcomes study-social support survey (MOS-SSS) for patients with chronic disease in primary health care, suggests problems in the dimensionality, specifically predominant unidimensionality in a multidimensional measure. The aim of this study was to determine the internal structure (dimensionality, measurement invariance and reliability) and association with other variables. Methods: A total of 470 patients with chronic disease from a Family Medicine Unit at the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, with a mean age of 51.51 years were included. Participants responded to the Questionnaire of Sociodemographic Variables (Q-SV), SF-36 Health-Related Quality of Life Scale-version 1.1, and MOS-SSS. Results: Non-parametric (Mokken scaling analysis) and parametric (confirmatory factor analysis) analyses indicated unidimensionality, and three-factor model was not representative. A new 8-item version (MOS-S) was developed, where measurement invariance, equivalence with the long version, reliability, and relationship with the SF-36 were satisfactory. Conclusion: The MOS-SSS scale is unidimensional, and the shortened version yields valid and reliable scores for measuring social support in patients with chronic disease at the primary health care.

Validez de contenido de un protocolo de Buenas Prácticas en la evaluación del desarrollo psicomotor / Content validity of a guide of Good-Practices in the psychomotor development assessment

Introducción: Las pruebas para evaluar el desarrollo de un niño tienen la finalidad de monitorear sus logros de acuerdo a su edad, y para asegurar su efectiva evaluación se debe contar con un adecuado entrenamiento al personal de salud. Objetivos: Obtener evidencias de validez de contenido del protocolo de aplicación de pruebas de desarrollo psicomotor, respecto a la relevancia y claridad de los indicadores. Métodos: Se construyó el protocolo luego de la revisión de la literatura, la sistematización de experiencias y entrevistas a enfermeras dedicadas a la evaluación del desarrollo infantil. Luego de cumplir con criterios de competencia profesional y pragmáticos, fueron seleccionadas 10 enfermeras. Se cuantificaron los resultados mediante el coeficiente de validez de contenido V e intervalos de confianza asimétricos; previamente, se verificó la homogeneidad de las calificaciones de los jueces. Resultados: Los jueces mostraron predominantemente calificaciones homogéneas. Los indicadores fueron evaluados favorablemente por los jueces, respecto a la relevancia y claridad de su contenido; los coeficientes fueron generalmente altos (> 0.70). Un par de ítems tuvieron validez marginal, pero fue asociado al modo en que los enfermeros aplican las evaluaciones. Conclusiones: El protocolo desarrollado obtuvo evidencias satisfactorias de la relevancia y la claridad de sus indicadores, cumpliendo el criterio de evidencia de validez de contenido. (AU)

Introduction: The tests to evaluate the development of a child have the purpose of monitoring their achievements according to their age, and to ensure their effective evaluation, adequate training must be provided to health personnel. Objectives: Obtain evidence of validity of content of the protocol of application of psychomotor development tests, regarding the relevance and clarity of the indicators. Methods: The protocol was constructed after reviewing the literature, systematizing experiences and interviews with nurses dedicated to the evaluation of child development. After fulfilling professional and pragmatic competence criteria, 10 nurses were selected. The results were quantified using the content validity coefficient V and asymmetric confidence intervals; Previously, the homogeneity of the judges' grades was verified. Results: The judges showed predominantly homogeneous grades. The indicators were evaluated favourably by the judges, regarding the relevance and clarity of their content; The coefficients were generally high (> 0.70). A couple of items had marginal validity, but it was associated with the way nurses apply the assessments. Conclusions: The developed protocol obtained satisfactory evidence of the relevance and clarity of its indicators, fulfilling the criterion of evidence of content validity. (AU)

Experiencia en tele-enfermería pediátrica en tiempos de Covid-19 / Experience in pediatric tele-nursing in times of Covid-19

No disponible

Conclusiones imprecisas respecto a la confiabilidad de la Florida Patient Acceptance Survey / Indeterminate conclusions as regards the reliability of the Florida Patient Acceptance Survey

Señor Editor En un estudio reciente1 se obtienen evidencias psicométricas del Florida Patient Acceptance Survey, FPAS2, una medida útil para la investigación científica y la práctica clínica. No obstante, existen imprecisiones en sus conclusiones de la confiabilidad, que pueden conducir a un insostenible optimismo sobre su uso. La presente carta señala estos puntos y presenta respaldo analítico para fundamentarlos mediante varios métodos estadísticos, que incluyen una prueba de contraste para dos coeficientes alfa independientes, magnitud de la diferencia entre ambos coeficientes e intervalos de confianza. Los autores obtienen una confiabilidad del puntaje total igual a 0.724 (n=126), y declaran cualitativamente que este alcanza un nivel aceptable de acuerdo con el criterio de George y Mallery; también afirman que este resultado es similar al estudio original (alfa=0.83). Sin embargo, con la aplicación del método de Feldt3 para contrastar estadísticamente ambas estimaciones se halló que existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (χ2=8.743, gl=1, p 0.003). Este resultado contrasta seriamente con la afirmación de similaridad que los autores hacen. Para detallar más esta discrepancia se puede calcular el tamaño de esta diferencia. En la métrica de diferencias estandarizadas4, entre ambas hay una distancia de 0.331 (método Lui-Weng5), lo que puede sugerir una diferencia pequeña4; pero dado que el nivel de confiabilidad es apenas aceptable y el impacto en la precisión del puntaje es clínicamente importante, la diferencia entre ambas puede nominarse como grande, y el coeficiente alfa del estudio de Castillo es inferior, no similar, al estudio original